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In this work, stents were produced from natural origin polysaccharides. Alginate, gellan gum, and a blend of these with gelatin were used to produce hollow tube (stents) following a combination of templated gelation and critical point carbon dioxide drying. Morphological analysis of the surface of the stents was carried out by scanning electron microscopy. Indwelling time, encrustation, and stability...
This study investigated the use of injectable poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) formulations for mandibular fracture stabilization applications. A full factorial design with main effects analysis was employed to evaluate the effects of the PPF:N‐vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP, crosslinking agent) ratio and dimethyl toluidine (DMT, accelerator) concentration on key physicochemical properties including setting...
Hirudin (Hir), a thrombin direct inhibitor, was used to modify a polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PEG‐DE) crosslinked regenerated silk fibroin (SF) material to improve hemocompatibility. Hemolysis characteristics, platelet adhesion, platelet activity, and plasma recalcification time were investigated using absorption spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, MTT analysis, and the time counting...
A biocompatible new titanium alloy Ti–16Hf–25Nb with low elastic modulus (45 GPa) and the use of short bioadhesive peptides derived from the extracellular matrix have been studied. In terms of cell adhesion, a comparative study with mixtures of short peptides as RGD (Arg‐Gly‐Asp)/PHSRN (Pro‐His‐Ser‐Arg‐Asn) and RGD (Arg‐Gly‐Asp)/FHRRIKA (Phe‐His‐Arg‐Arg‐Ile‐Lys‐Ala) have been carried out with rat...
CoCr alloys, in particular MP35N and L605, are extensively used in biomedical implants, for example for coronary stents. In practice, these alloys present a moderately hydrophobic surface which leads to significant platelet adhesion and consequently to risk of early thrombosis or in‐stent restenosis. Surface modification of biomedical implants is known to alter their biological performances. In this...
While absorbable materials and medical devices primarily degrade through hydrolysis, their degradation kinetics are sensitive to environmental conditions, including temperature, pH, and mechanical loading. While there is some consistent information in the literature suggesting that strain controlled loading accelerates strength loss, there is much more limited information on the interaction between...
Hyaluronan (HA) is well known for its biocompatibility and has widespread clinical use. To change its mechanical and physiologic properties to adapt to specific clinical scenarios, HA is crosslinked with chemically reactive linker molecules, most of which are toxic chemical reagents. Adverse events related to clinical use of crosslinked HA have been documented. Although approved by the FDA as dermal...
This article reports a degradation study that was done on stent prototypes made of biodegradable Fe35Mn alloy in a simulated human coronary arterial condition. The stent degradation was observed for a short‐term period from 0.5 to 168 h, which simulates the early period of stenting procedure. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to quantify degradation...
Monitoring erosion progress of biodegradable drug carrying polymer coated on coronary drug eluting stents (DES) is largely hindered because of the small amount of coating material as well as the irregular profile of coating, both of which make the monitoring using traditional methods highly challenging. In our study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), a widely used method in the study of...
The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of creating extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds from mesenchymal stem cells. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)‐derived ECM (BMSC‐dECM) scaffolds were fabricated by lyophilization after crosslinking, without using a decellularization process. Acellular porcine chondrocyte‐derived ECM (AC‐dECM) scaffolds were used as a control. The surface...
Urinary tract infections constitute a large proportion of nosocomial infections, and the urinary catheter is the most important predisposing factor. Encrustation induced by urease‐producing uropathogens like Proteus mirabilis causes further complications. In the present work, a strategy for controllable and sustained release of silver over several weeks has been developed for combating bacterial infection...
The principle of biodegradation for the production of temporary implant materials (e.g. stents) plays an important role in the treatment of congenital heart defects. In the last decade several attempts have been made with different alloy materials—mainly based on iron and magnesium. None of the currently available materials in this field have demonstrated satisfying results and have therefore not...
The main goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of incorporation of calcium phosphate (CaP) particles on the physicochemical properties and mineralization capacity of cements in vitro. Herein, two different types of CaP particles were loaded into polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cements exhibiting an interconnected porosity created by mixing with carboxymethylcellulose. The incorporation of CaP...
This investigation analyzed retrieved sequentially crosslinked and annealed (SXL) ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene bearings to determine whether the material is chemically stable in vivo. A series of retrieved tibial and acetabular components were analyzed for changes in ketone oxidation, crosslink density, and free radical concentration. Oxidation was observed to increase with in vivo duration,...
The presence of interconnected macro pores allows guided tissue regeneration in tissue engineering scaffolds. However, highly porous scaffolds suffer from having poor mechanical strength. Previously, we showed that microwave sintering could successfully be used to improve mechanical strength of macro porous tricalcium phosphate (TCP) scaffolds. This study reports the presence of SrO and MgO as dopants...
Bone fixation systems made of biodegradable polymers are radiolucent, making post‐operative diagnosis with X‐ray imaging a challenge. In this study, to allow X‐ray visibility, we separately prepared a radiopaque layer and attached it to a bioabsorbable bone plate approved for clinical use (Inion, Finland). We employed barium sulfate as a radiopaque material due to the high X‐ray attenuation coefficient...
Three‐dimensional (3‐D) tissue engineered constructs provide a platform for examining how the local extracellular matrix contributes to the malignancy of various cancers, including human glioblastoma multiforme. Here, we describe a simple and innovative 3‐D culture environment and assess its potential for use with glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) to examine the diversification inside the cell mass in...
Encapsulation of cells in biocompatible polymer matrices represents a powerful tool for cell‐based therapies and therapeutic delivery systems. This technology has successfully been used to deliver pancreatic islets to humans for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes. However, the clinical impact of this technology may be improved by reducing the inflammatory response brought on after implantation of capsules...
Silk solvent casting, electrospinning, and electrogelation techniques were used to create a biodegradable, biocompatible silk fibroin dural substitute. The all‐silk system was designed and produced to improve on currently available materials, grafts and tissue sealants used for dural closure in neurosurgery. The silk biomaterial was successfully fabricated as a dual layer adhesive system designed...
With an increasingly aging population, a significant challenge in implantology is the creation of biomaterials that actively promote tissue integration and offer excellent mechanical properties. Engineered surfaces with micro‐ and nanoscale topographies have shown great potential to control and direct biomaterial–host tissue interactions. Two simple yet efficient chemical treatments, oxidative nanopatterning...
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